Apgar et al., 1958:

Scoring at one minute was done because this represented the time of most severe depression:

"In the Sloane Hospital the cord has been cut by this time, and the infant is in the hands of an individual other than the obstetrician. . .

In many hospitals, such is not the case.  Those obstetricians who practice slow delivery and delayed clamping of the cord until pulsations of the umbilical artery cease still have the infant in the sterile field.

However, if the obstetrician is reminded of the passage of time by another observer, he may assign a score even though the cord is still attached."

Apgar et al. (1958) JAMA 168:1985.

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Notes